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BLUE EYES
Blue eyes are believed to have originated from a genetic mutation that occurred in a single individual around 6,000 to 10,000 years ago. This mutation affected the OCA2 gene, which is responsible for the production of melanin, the pigment that gives color to our skin, hair, and eyes.
The mutation reduced the melanin production in the iris, leading to blue eyes. This change did not eliminate melanin completely, but it did alter the way the iris reflects light, resulting in the blue color. The mutation likely occurred in a region near the Black Sea, particularly in the areas around present-day Ukraine, Romania, and Turkey.
Over time, as humans migrated and populations mixed, this gene spread, and blue eyes became more common, particularly in Europe. Today, blue eyes are most frequently found among people of European descent.
LIGHT HAIR
Light hair, like blonde and red hair, is thought to have originated in Europe, particularly in the northern and eastern parts of the continent. The development of light hair is closely tied to the evolution of human populations as they adapted to different environmental conditions.