i dont think any of you cares about Islamic philosophy but whatever.
this was translated by chatGPT
Accidents are changeable—for example, an apple changes in its color, taste, and weight. The changes in accidents must therefore be caused by their substantial nature; that is, they are caused by the proximate natural agent, which is the substance. This substance must itself be changeable, based on the principle that the cause of what changes must itself be changing. Therefore, the substance is changeable.
We have already established in the seventh chapter that the cause of a changing thing must itself be changing. Hence, the natural agent or substance must be changing. Since accidents are changeable, and they are caused by substantial specific forms, and since every changing thing must have a changing cause, it follows that the substantial specific forms are themselves changeable, just like the accidents.
In other words, we can formulate a conditional syllogism as follows:
If the substantial specific forms are the cause of the existence of accidents, then they must be changeable. But they are indeed the cause of the existence of accidents. Therefore, they are changeable. And the substantial specific forms are the substance.
this was translated by chatGPT
Accidents are changeable—for example, an apple changes in its color, taste, and weight. The changes in accidents must therefore be caused by their substantial nature; that is, they are caused by the proximate natural agent, which is the substance. This substance must itself be changeable, based on the principle that the cause of what changes must itself be changing. Therefore, the substance is changeable.
We have already established in the seventh chapter that the cause of a changing thing must itself be changing. Hence, the natural agent or substance must be changing. Since accidents are changeable, and they are caused by substantial specific forms, and since every changing thing must have a changing cause, it follows that the substantial specific forms are themselves changeable, just like the accidents.
In other words, we can formulate a conditional syllogism as follows:
If the substantial specific forms are the cause of the existence of accidents, then they must be changeable. But they are indeed the cause of the existence of accidents. Therefore, they are changeable. And the substantial specific forms are the substance.
